优化代码第一天的代码

优化交互体验

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// first programme with c++ 
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <filesystem>

namespace fs = std::filesystem;

void inputCheck(std::string dirPath, std::string newPrefix, std::string needSuffix) {
    if (dirPath.empty()  newPrefix.empty()  needSuffix.empty()) {
        std::cerr << "Error: " << "directory_path new_prefix need_rename_suffix cannot be empty" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Please input again" << std::endl;
    }
}

void dirCheck(fs::path dirPath) {
    if (!fs::exists(dirPath)  !fs::is_directory(dirPath)) {
        std::cerr << "Error: path not exist or not a directory" << std::endl;
        exit(1);
    }
}
 
void renamefile(fs::path dirPath, std::string newPrefix, std::string needSuffix) {
    int count = 0;
    try {
        for (const auto& entry : fs::directory_iterator(dirPath)) {
            if (entry.is_regular_file() && entry.path().extension().string() == needSuffix) {
                fs::path oldPath = entry.path();    
                fs::path newPath = oldPath.parent_path() / (newPrefix + std::to_string(count+1) + oldPath.extension().string());
                fs::rename(oldPath, newPath);
                std::cout << "Renamed: " << oldPath.filename().string() << " -> " << newPath.filename().string() << std::endl;
                count++;
            }
        }   
    } catch(const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& e) {     
        std::cerr << "Error: " << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << "Total files renamed: " << count << std::endl;
}      

int main() { 
    std::cout << "Input the directory path, new prefix, need rename suffix" << std::endl;
    std::string inputPath, newPrefix, needSuffix;
    do {
    std::cin >> inputPath >> newPrefix >> needSuffix; 
    inputCheck(inputPath, newPrefix, needSuffix);
    }while(inputPath.empty()  newPrefix.empty() || needSuffix.empty()); 
    fs::path dirPath(inputPath);
    dirCheck(dirPath);
    renamefile(dirPath, newPrefix, needSuffix);

    return 0;
}

今天的代码——文件监控器

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#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <filesystem>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include <csignal>

// 全局变量用于控制程序退出
volatile bool running = true;

// 信号处理函数
void signalHandler(int signum) {
    if (signum == SIGINT) {
        running = false;
    }
}

void DisplayFileAction(DWORD dwAction)
{
    switch (dwAction)
    {
    case FILE_ACTION_ADDED:
        std::wcout << L"File Created" << std::endl;
        break;
    case FILE_ACTION_REMOVED:
        std::wcout << L"File Deleted" << std::endl;
        break;
    case FILE_ACTION_MODIFIED:
        std::wcout << L"File Modified" << std::endl;
        break;
    case FILE_ACTION_RENAMED_OLD_NAME:
        std::wcout << L"File Renamed (Old Name)" << std::endl;
        break;
    case FILE_ACTION_RENAMED_NEW_NAME:
        std::wcout << L"File Renamed (New Name)" << std::endl;
        break;
    default:
        std::wcout << L"Unknown Action" << std::endl;
        break;
    }
}

int main()
{
    // 设置信号处理
    signal(SIGINT, signalHandler);

    // Set console output to UTF-16
    _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_U16TEXT);
    _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_U16TEXT);

    // input directory you want to monitor
    std::wstring directory;
    std::wcout << L"Enter the directory you want to monitor: ";
    std::getline(std::wcin, directory);
    
    // 创建监控句柄，handle（句柄）是一个用于标识和访问系统资源（例如文件或目录）的引用
    HANDLE hDir = CreateFileW(
        directory.c_str(),                      // 被监控目录的路径
        FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY,                      // 监控的目录操作权限
        FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, // 共享模式，允许其他进程对目录进行读、写、删除操作
        NULL,                                     // 默认的安全属性
        OPEN_EXISTING,                            // 打开已存在的目录
        FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, // 文件标志，支持备份语义及异步操作
        NULL                                      // 无模板文件
    );

    if (hDir == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)//打开失败
    {
        std::wcerr << L"Error: Cannot open directory " << directory << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    std::wcout << L"Monitoring directory: " << directory << std::endl;
    std::wcout << L"Press Ctrl+C to exit" << std::endl;

    // Allocate buffer 
    const DWORD BUFFER_SIZE = 4096; //缓冲区大小
    BYTE buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = { 0 }; //缓冲区
    DWORD bytesReturned; //返回字节数
    OVERLAPPED overlapped = { 0 }; //重叠结构
    overlapped.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL); //创建事件

    while (running)
    {
        // Start async monitoring
        BOOL success = ReadDirectoryChangesW( //读取目录变化
            hDir,//目录句柄
            buffer,//缓冲区
            BUFFER_SIZE,//缓冲区大小
            TRUE,//监控子目录
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_FILE_NAME | //文件名
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_DIR_NAME | //目录名
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_ATTRIBUTES | //属性
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SIZE | //大小
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_WRITE | //最后写入
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_ACCESS | //最后访问
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_CREATION | //创建
            FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SECURITY, //安全
            &bytesReturned, //返回字节数
            &overlapped, //重叠结构
            NULL //模板文件
        );

        if (!success)
        {
            std::wcerr << L"ReadDirectoryChangesW failed" << std::endl;
            break;
        }

        // 设置较短的超时时间，以便能够检查 running 标志
        DWORD waitResult = WaitForSingleObject(overlapped.hEvent, 1000);
        
        if (waitResult == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
        {
            FILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION* pNotify = (FILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION*)buffer; //文件通知信息     
            
            do
            {
                // Get filename
                std::wstring filename(pNotify->FileName, pNotify->FileNameLength / sizeof(WCHAR)); //文件名
                
                // Display action type and filename
                std::wcout << L"File: " << filename << L" - ";
                DisplayFileAction(pNotify->Action); //显示文件操作
                // Move to next record
                if (pNotify->NextEntryOffset == 0) //没有下一个记录
                    break;
                pNotify = (FILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION*)((BYTE*)pNotify + pNotify->NextEntryOffset); //移动到下一个记录
            } while (true);

            // Reset event
            ResetEvent(overlapped.hEvent); //重置事件
        }
    }

    std::wcout << L"\nExiting program..." << std::endl;

    // Cleanup
    CloseHandle(overlapped.hEvent); //关闭事件
    CloseHandle(hDir); //关闭目录

    return 0;
}